Abstract: This paper studies the problem of aggregative optimization in open multi-agent systems (OMAS), where agents are allowed to join and leave the system in a free manner during the ...

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Abstract: The diffusion model has driven the advancement of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC). The backbone of diffusion models is currently shifting from U-Net-based CNNs to Diffusion ...

Introductory problem used to familiarise with the judge's I/O format. Given a list of numbers, count the even numbers and compute their sum. Sort a stack of pancakes using only flip operations ...

Social media algorithms in 2026 have moved beyond the "social graph." Reach is now dictated by entity density and predictive intent rather than follower counts. This guide dismantles legacy engagement ...